Nellie Cleary Lane, 1853-1932 

Adoptive maternal great-grandmother

About a month after Nellie Cleary Lane died in early 1932, a tribute to her appeared in the Oakland Tribune, entitled “Friend of Jack London.” It was written by “The Knave” and appeared in his column on February 21 (page 33):

When Jack London was buried, a gray-haired woman of Oakland read “Thanatopsis” and thereby kept a promise she had made the writer a number of years before. Nellie C. Lane, who died in your city a few weeks ago at 78 years, was an old friend of Jack London’s and from his early youth. She encouraged him in his career and received his thanks. The story is that in 1901, when Mrs. Lane was widowed, Jack read the Bryant poem at the services and was so impressed by the simple ceremony that a pact was made between him and Mrs. Lane that the surviving one should read it over the remains of the other. The husband was Jacob Cooper Lane, the youngest brother of Dr. Levy [Levi] Cooper Lane, founder of the Lane Hospital and the Cooper Medical College, now Stanford Hospital. Mrs. Lane lived in East Oakland for nearly fifty years, and it is said she was the first woman, after suffrage, to be admitted to a civic club composed of men. In civic work, particularly that connected with schools, parks, and libraries, she was long a forceful figure in her community. — The Knave.

As “The Knave” says, Nellie kept her promise and read the poem over Jack London’s remains. This was on November 24, 1916. Although she was 23 years older than London, she outlived him, in fact, by 16 years.

Both Nellie and her husband, Jacob, were friends and supporters of Jack London. They were also people who cared deeply about improving the Oakland community they lived in. After Jacob died in 1901, Nellie became a tireless civic worker for her beloved Oakland. Her energy, drive, and tenacity were famous, and her activities were frequently reported in the Oakland and San Francisco newspapers. Her most significant accomplishment was encouraging the construction of a new high school in East Oakland, one to rival all the other high schools in the area in both size and facilities. I wrote about her in detail in a chapter of my 2018 book, Unsung But Not Forgotten; Family Personalities With Surnames Bassett, Beutler, Bogdon, Charles, Green, Harned, Lane, Morgan, Phelps, Phipps.

Nellie Cleary Lane was born Ellen Cleary Phelps on March 26, 1853, in Salt Lake City. Although she was named after her maternal grandmother, Ellen Cleary, she always preferred to use “Nellie” as her first name.  After her marriage, she continued to use the middle initial “C.” as part of her official name, “Nellie C. Lane.”

Nellie was the daughter of the fifth of the six wives of William Wines Phelps (1792-1872), frequently referred to simply as W. W. Phelps, a major figure in Mormon history. Phelps was, in his early life, the colleague and scribe of Joseph Smith, the founder of the Mormon Church.  He became a publisher for the Mormon Church and was also a composer of many of the Mormon hymns that are still sung today.

Nellie Cleary Lane — young

William Wines Phelps

Phelps married his first wife, Stella “Sally” Waterman (1792-1872), in 1815. As polygamy was customary in the Mormon Church at that time, Phelps married as many as six times before he died in 1872 in Salt Lake City.

Nellie’s mother, Phelps’ fifth wife, was the former Sarah Betsina “Betsy” Gleason (1827-1916), who was born in Newly, Tipperary County, Ireland.  William and Sarah married on December 22, 1847, at Winter Quarters, Douglas County, Nebraska, and they had three children, two boys and a girl.  The first boy, Gleason, was born in 1850 and died in 1853.  Nellie was born in 1853. The second boy, Enon, was born in 1858 and lived until 1916.  

Sarah Betsina “Betsy” Gleason Phelps

Sarah gave Nellie a gift on her eighteenth birthday -- a small 3½x5-inch Mormon hymnal:

Sacred Hymns And Spiritual Songs For The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter-Day Saints.  14th ed.  Salt Lake City: For Sale At Deseret News Office, The Church Book Depot; Published By George Q. Cannon, 1871.

Mormon Hymnal – title page

It has the following handwritten dedication on one of its preceding blank pages:

The inscription is in black ink.  However, the entire page is decorated in charming red, blue, and green pencil markings.  What is all the more poignant is that the volume includes the texts of thirty-six hymns, which Nellie’s own father, William Wines Phelps, composed. The hymnal is now in my possession, the adoptive great-great-grandson of William Wines Phelps.

By the time she was a teenager, Nellie had become quite disillusioned with Mormonism. She ended up philosophically turning against all organized religions – not against God and spirituality, but against the evils inherent in organized religions.

Nellie met and married Jacob Cooper Lane, a non-Mormon, in Salt Lake City on July 31, 1871, when she was eighteen and he was nineteen.  They moved to San Francisco sometime in the mid-1870s, when they were in their early twenties. They became pioneers in California. In the late 1880s, they moved to Oakland. In 1892, they adopted seven-month-old Edithe Green, whose mother had just died, and renamed her Edithe Alois Lane, my grandmother.

Jacob Cooper Lane

In 1901, Jacob died suddenly.  Family correspondence reveals that Jacob was diabetic and that he was in chronic ill health in his last few years, very possibly aggravated by a broken leg that he endured six years earlier.  The following appeared in the Oakland Tribune, April 20, 1901 (page 2):

Brother of Dr. Lane Has Passed Away

Jacob Cooper Lane, brother of Dr. L. C. [Levi Cooper] Lane of Lane’s Hospital, San Francisco, died Thursday night [April 18] at his home, corner of Twentieth Avenue and East Twentieth Street [sic].  Deceased was a travelling man for a San Francisco wholesale house.  He had resided in Oakland about fourteen years, was a native of Indiana, aged 49 years, and leaves a wife [Nellie] surviving him.

As mentioned previously, Jack London was a close friend of both Jacob and Nellie. In fact, London read the William Cullen Bryant poem, “Thanatopsis,” at Jacob’s memorial service.

In two letters, written on the same day of Jacob’s memorial service – April 19, 1901 – London mentions that he was to attend a funeral. To Cornelius Gepfert, London wrote, “Must cut this short, as I’m going to a funeral right away.” To Cloudesley Johns, London wrote, “Have to go and read a poem over a coffin to satisfy the whim of a man who was quick and is now dead, so so long.” These two letters are found in The Letters of Jack London, edited by Earle Labor, Robert C. Leitz, III, and I. Milo Shepard. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1988. Volume 1: 1896-1905.

After the service, Jacob was cremated. His ashes were buried in Odd Fellows Cemetery in San Francisco. When the cemetery was closed sometime in the early 1930s, Jacob’s remains were moved to Greenlawn Memorial Park in Colma, California, about 11 miles south of San Francisco.

Even though Nellie was now a lapsed Mormon living in Oakland, she kept up her contacts with relatives and friends in Salt Lake City.  Her mother and brother continued to live in Salt Lake City until they both died there within days of each other in February 1916.

Nellie also had her hands full at home. She and Jacob’s adoptive daughter, Edithe, my grandmother, was only nine years old when Jacob died. Edithe continued attending local Oakland schools, graduating from high school in 1910 at age eighteen. That same year, she married Albert Edward Bogdon, a nineteen-year-old aspiring magician from Pittsburgh. A baby, my mother, was born the next year to be known years later as the actress Sally Phipps. When Albert deserted Edithe to pursue his magic career, Edithe put her baby in the care of her own mother, Nellie, and went to work. During a brief reconciliation with Albert, another baby was born, whom Edithe named Lane. After Edithe divorced Albert in 1917, she married Albert Sprague Beutler in 1922. She was then able to bring her family together to include both her daughter and son Lane.

During this period, Nellie became active, even prominent, in local Oakland clubs, including The Dennison Club, The Garfield School Mother’s Club, and The Twenty-Third Avenue Improvement Club. She was also active in civic matters, as evidenced by her involvement in the local school board and the chamber of commerce.  She participated in local elections and was listed in the local newspapers between 1914 and 1926 twenty times as an inspector, judge, or clerk in her precinct’s polling place. There are numerous newspaper articles reporting her activities, which today would be considered quite progressive and liberal for a woman of her day.  Being a true fighter, she frequently challenged the “powers that be” and won.

Oakland Tribune, September 6, 1913, page 1 (photo detail) Nellie Cleary Lane – front row, facing front

Nellie’s major accomplishment, however, was inspiring and encouraging construction of East Oakland’s Theodore Roosevelt High School. She was involved in the initial talks of a bond issue to fund it in June 1911 to the flag raising and groundbreaking ceremonies eleven years later in November 1922. For Nellie, the flag raising and ground-breaking event was truly the high point of her civic career and the height of her public recognition in the Oakland and Bay Area community.

San Francisco Chronicle, November 19, 1922, Oakland Section, page 4 (detail)

In October 1927, she moved out of her home in East Oakland at 1749 20th Avenue and entered the Crocker Old Peoples Home, at 2507 Pine Street in San Francisco. Nellie lived there from October 1927 until she died on Saturday, January 30, 1932. Nellie was originally buried in Odd Fellows Cemetery in San Francisco next to her husband, Jacob, who had died in 1901. When the cemetery was closed sometime in the early 1930s, Jacob’s and Nellie’s remains were moved to Greenlawn Memorial Park in Colma, California, about 11 miles south of San Francisco.

The City of Oakland owes much to Nellie C. Lane. In the early years of the early 20th century, she worked tirelessly to improve life in her city, and she accomplished as much as the “powers that be” allowed her to do.